EU Seals Agreement to Reduce Emissions by 90 Percent
According to an official statement, the accord introduces a suite of new flexibility measures designed to cushion member states and key industries through the transition. It also advances the post-2030 climate architecture to safeguard competitiveness, uphold social fairness, reinforce energy security, and create predictable investment conditions.
As part of the compromise, negotiators agreed to delay the launch of the EU Emissions Trading System for buildings and road transport—known as ETS2—from 2027 to 2028.
The deal confirms the 90% net reduction target for 2040 and lays out expanded flexibilities, including the use of high-quality international carbon credits, rules for permanent domestic removals under the EU ETS, and cross-sector options to smooth compliance.
The agreement seeks to bolster the broader enabling framework by emphasizing competitiveness, administrative simplification, innovation incentives, investment stability, energy affordability, and safeguarding Europe’s natural carbon sinks.
The package also tightens the review system, mandating routine evaluations of competitiveness, energy price trends, and net removals. If progress deviates from expected trajectories, the European Commission will be required to propose additional measures or revisions.
Beginning in 2036, the EU will permit the use of high-quality international carbon credits for up to 5% of 1990 net emissions, ensuring that 85% of all reductions by 2040 must be achieved within the bloc. A pilot phase running from 2031 to 2035 may also be introduced to help scale a high-integrity global carbon credit market. A future review will examine whether member states should be allowed to use an additional 5% of credits to meet post-2030 national targets.
The agreement remains provisional and must receive formal approval from both the European Parliament and the European Council before entering into force.
First enacted in 2021, the European Climate Law established the EU’s binding objectives of achieving climate neutrality by 2050 and cutting net emissions by at least 55% by 2030.
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